Evaluation of An Ecological Program to Reduce Bullying in Schools
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recently researchers have made efforts to reduce the incidence of bullying in the schools using a systemic or Whole School Approach. Reports on the efficacy of antibullying programs have produced variable, but promising, results ( Elsea & Smith, 1998; Olweus, 1993; Pepler, Craig, Charach, & Ziegler, 1993). The present study examined the short-term outcome of an antibullying program by comparing children (grades 1-8) attending a school involved in the program to children attending a school not receiving the program. Results indicated that bullying did not decrease four months after the antibullying program was introduced. There were, however, improvements reported in the level of victimization, peer isolation, and perceptions of school safety in older children (grades 3-8). Contradictory findings were found for younger children (grades 1 and 2). Implications and limitations of the study are discussed from a systemic perspective.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".