The Use of Wind Tunnels to Assist in Cladding Design for Buildings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Wind loads on a building are sensitive to a number of factors, including the wind speed approaching the site, building height and shape, and the local influence of nearby buildings on the wind flow patterns. Building codes attempt to allow for these factors by providing simple formulae for calculating design wind loads that will be at least conservative. The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 7 Standard [1] and most other building codes recognize that for irregularly shaped buildings or structures that may have unusual response characteristics it is advisable to undertake detailed wind load studies or use wind tunnel methods of analysis. Wind tunnel methods determine the wind loading on a structure with increased precision, which leads to more economical and risk consistent structural designs than do code calculation methods. This paper describes the wind tunnel method of determining cladding wind loads, and provides comparisons between the wind tunnel method and code calculation methods for a 22-story building.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".