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Record W1787125913 · doi:10.1111/cag.12170

Crowdsourced mapping of land use in urban dense environments: An assessment of Toronto

2015· article· en· W1787125913 on OpenAlexaffvenueabout
Eric Vaz, Jamal Jokar Arsanjani

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes · 2015
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicLand Use and Ecosystem Services
Canadian institutionsToronto Metropolitan University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsVolunteered geographic informationValuation (finance)GeographyLand useRegional scienceLand-use planningUrban planningCartographyEnvironmental planningRegional planningEnvironmental resource managementBusinessCivil engineeringEngineeringEnvironmental science

Abstract

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Geo‐located information is increasingly important for regional decision making and spatial assessment. Toronto has witnessed rapid demographic and economic change over the last decades, making the Toronto region the fourth largest economic centre in North America. From a policymaker's perspective, understanding land use for planning purposes is critical for better urban planning. Such information is, however, conditioned by classical surveying and sophisticated remote sensing techniques, which are often costly and spatially not feasible. Only local knowledge and information can really bridge this gap, as urban land use in denser urban regions is often very fine‐grained information. Volunteered geo‐information (VGI) sources are fundamental tools for the assessment of urban land use patterns. This article identifies land use patterns using VGI and offers a comparative assessment with traditionally classified land use features from remote sensing imagery for Toronto. A parcel‐based analysis of the voluntarily shared spatial information is used and extended at a regional level, with an overall accuracy of 75 percent. Additionally, a per‐class analysis confirms which land classes can be well (or poorly) mapped, and what level of disagreement exists between our approach and official records. The findings confirm a promising outlook for harnessing VGI for urban land use mapping for Toronto. La cartographie par externalisation ouverte de l'occupation du sol dans les milieux urbains denses : une évaluation à Toronto Les informations géolocalisées prennent de plus en plus d'importance dans les processus de prise de décision et dans l'évaluation spatiale au niveau régional. Toronto a connu une évolution démographique et économique rapide au cours des dernières décennies, de sorte que cette région est devenue le quatrième centre économique en Amérique du Nord. Pour améliorer l'aménagement du territoire, il est essentiel que les responsables politiques puissent intégrer l'occupation du sol dans la perspective urbanistique. Toutefois, ce type d'information dépend de techniques classiques d'arpentage et de télédétection très poussées, qui sont souvent dispendieuses et inapplicables sur le terrain. Il est possible de combler cette lacune en utilisant des savoirs et informations de nature locale, étant donné que les données sur l'occupation du sol dans les régions urbaines plus denses sont souvent très détaillées. Les sources d'information géographique volontaire (IGV) sont incontournables pour l'évaluation des modes d'occupation du sol en milieu urbain. Dans cet article, on distingue à l'aide d'IGV des modes d'occupation du sol qui font ensuite l'objet d'une évaluation avec les éléments d'occupation du sol conventionnels tirés d'un traitement d'images de télédétection à Toronto. Une analyse des parcelles est menée à partir de l'information spatiale partagée volontairement, puis est élargie à l'échelle régionale avec une précision globale de 75 percent. En outre, une analyse par classes d'occupation du sol permet de vérifier celles qui peuvent être bien (ou mal) cartographiées ainsi que l'écart entre notre approche et les documents officiels. Il en ressort des perspectives prometteuses pour mettre à profit l'IGV afin de réaliser la cartographie de l'occupation du sol en milieu urbain à Toronto.

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How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.003
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.006
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.232
Threshold uncertainty score0.466

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0030.006
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0020.004
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0020.001
Open science0.0010.002
Research integrity0.0010.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.013
GPT teacher head0.207
Teacher spread0.194 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations51
Published2015
Admission routes3
Has abstractyes

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