Water-pollution study based on the physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the Semenyih River, Selangor, Malaysia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Semenyih River is one of the most important rivers in Selangor, Malaysia, because it functions as a resource for domestic water supply, fishing, and recreation. It has been adversely affected by urban and industrial wastes since the early 1990s. This study assessed the contamination status of the Semenyih River based on the National Water Quality Standards for Malaysian rivers (NWQS) and the national Water Quality Index (WQI) classifications. Although 10 of the waterquality parameters were within the recommended levels for the NWQS, levels of phosphate (PO4), E. coli, and total coliform bacteria were found to exceed the threshold. The Semenyih River is polluted by human activities from its upstream section (contamination by E. coli, coliform bacteria, and PO4) and is therefore characterized as Class III based on NWQS classificationBased on WQI, the Semenyih River was classified as slightly polluted and placed in Class II for Malaysian rivers at all sampling stations except stations 5 and 7, which were...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".