Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy of the Upper Limb: Treatment Using a Series of Stellate Ganglion Blocks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fourteen consecutive patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the hand were studied. Their conditions were diagnosed based on clinical features alone and confirmed by a positive symptomatic response following a stellate ganglion test block. Treatment for all patients was a series of stellate ganglion blocks combined with a physiotherapy program. The number of blocks performed per patient ranged between three and nine blocks, and the blocks were performed at two- to 10-day intervals. Subjectively, patients were asked to rate pain before and after treatment on a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (unbearable pain). Objectively, the average total active motion of the fingers (ATAM) was compared before and after treatment. Before treatment, pain was rated between 7 and 10, and the ATAM of the fingers was 83°. After treatment, pain was rated between 0 and 2, and motion improved to 260°. It was concluded that stellate ganglion block is an effective and safe method of treating reflex sympathetic dystrophy as long as the diagnosis is made early, the block is given by an experienced physician and multiple blocks are performed along with a physiotherapy program.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".