Soluble CD44 secretion promotes the expression of an aggressive tumor phenotype in human colon cancer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
CD44, a widely distributed cell surface glycoprotein and a receptor for hyaluronan (HA) has been implicated in facilitating tumor growth and metastasis, antiapoptosis and directional motility of cancer cells. CD44 shedding has been observed in different tumor cell types but not using cell lines derived from colorectal cancer. In order to investigate the role of soluble CD44 (CD44 sol ) in colon cancer cell growth, SW620, a human colon cancer cell line deficient in CD44 standard isoform expression was stably transfected with human CD44 cDNA containing exons 1–5, 15 and 16 of the human CD44. Western blot analyses demonstrated the presence of 78 kDa soluble CD44 protein in the culture supernatant of stably transfected cell lines as compared to control cells transfected with the empty vector control. These CD44 sol transfected cells showed higher cell proliferation and clonal growth in vitro, confirmed by MTT and clonogenic assays respectively, when compared to control cells. Cell adhesion to HA was significantly lower with CD44 sol clones compared to control cells. Western blot analyses for cleaved PARP were negative in lysates from CD44 sol cells suggesting resistance to apoptosis. These findings indicate that the secretion of soluble CD44 contributes to colon cancer growth , possibly as a decoy receptor.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".