Seasonal slope movements in an old clay fill embankment dam
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A curious phenomenon of significant summertime downslope movements, observed at other sites where trees grow on the lower slope of clay fill embankments, has been recorded during 10 years of downstream slope monitoring at Aldenham embankment dam, UK. The data from four monitored sections of the slope are described. At two locations, downslope movements were observed in high soil moisture deficit (SMD) conditions, where it appeared that high SMD and shrinkage caused by trees growing on the lower slope allowed the grassed upper slope with lower SMD to slip downwards under its own weight. This led to a seasonal, ratcheting accumulation of crest settlement — a type of mechanism that presents a continual serviceability problem to infrastructure embankments as well as dams. This mechanism was simulated in a qualitative way by finite difference analysis. At a third monitored section, a sparser distribution of lower water-demand trees, lower plasticity clay fill, and a moisture content close to or below the plastic limit appeared to result in insignificant slope movements. At a fourth low-height monitored section, a slow accumulation of downslope movements, as well as tension cracking, was observed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".