Using Pollinators to Deliver Biological Control Agents Against Crop Pests
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Both honey bees and bumble bees have been shown to be excellent vectors of biological control agents that suppress pests on various crops. Honey bee and bumble bee hives can be fitted with special dispensers that contain inocula of biological control agents (bacteria, fungi and viruses) that are antagonistic to microbial and fungal plant pathogens and to pest insects. The technology has been used successfully against grey mold on soft and tender fruit (strawberries and raspberries), fire blight on pome fruit (pears and apples), and potentially against sclerotinia on oil seeds (canola). Similarly, viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens of pest insects, such as corn earworm, pollen beetles, banded sunflower moths, and tarnished plant bugs on alfalfa, canola, and sunflower can be delivered to flowers to help protect the crop while improving yields and crop quality through pollination and reduced chemical pesticide load. The development of the technology requires that the biological control agent be effective against the pest, not harm the pollinating vector, and be environmentally acceptable. This new technology is reviewed and its successes noted.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".