Hydrogenation of CO2 into hydrocarbons over bifunctional system Cu–ZnO/Al2O3 + HZSM-5: Effect of proximity between the acidic and methanol synthesis sites
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A one-step CO 2 hydrogenation reaction into hydrocarbons (HC) using a bifunctional system constituted by a methanol synthesis catalyst [Cu–ZnO–Al 2 O 3 (CZA)] and a zeolite (HZSM-5) has been studied. The influence of the catalyst bed configuration on activity, selectivity, and HC yield has been evaluated. The results obtained at T R = 623 K, P R = 3.0 MPa and WHSV = 6000 h −1 show that CO 2 hydrogenation and hydrocarbon selectivity were strongly influenced by the proximity between oxide and zeolite, whatever the disposition of the two catalytic active sites. Indeed, the highest conversion and the best yield of hydrocarbons (mainly C 2 ) were obtained with the M1 bifunctional catalysts in which the oxide–zeolite proximity is the lowest. This is ascribed to the hydrogen spillover phenomenon, which does not promote the carbon chain growth.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it