Lidar Investigation of Knockdhu Promontory and its Environs, County Antrim, Northern Ireland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT A high‐resolution aerial lidar survey (up to 40 points m‐2) has been carried out in the environs of Knockdhu Promontory in the Antrim Uplands, which is recognized as one of Northern Ireland's most important relict multiperiod archaeological landscapes. This lidar survey was amongst the first such surveys commissioned specifically for archaeological purposes in Northern Ireland and has helped to re‐evaluate the archaeological landscape character of a 9 km2 study area and inform future conservation studies. Sampled ground observation was undertaken in an attempt to provide a higher degree of interpretive integrity. These field observation exercises also highlighted the importance of the high vertical resolution of the data (0.05 m at 2σ (95% confidence level)) in delineating extremely subtle upstanding earthwork features that had hitherto gone unnoticed. Much of the archaeological evidence identified can be broadly ascribed to the early post‐medieval period (ad 1599–1750); this includes field boundaries, cultivation furrows, enclosures, transhumance huts, abandoned settlements and associated pathways, but the higher ground of the Antrim Plateau in this locality is also characterized by evidence of prehistoric activities and substantial earthworks survive such as the ‘Linford Barrows’ and ‘Knockdhu Promontory Fort’. The lidar study has identified as many as 285 previously unrecorded potential archaeological sites and amended existing records within the Northern Ireland Sites and Monuments Record (NISMR) and has proved transformational as a technique to ‘open up’ the Ulster uplands for archaeological study. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".