Bibliographic record
Abstract
Argument diagrams, used in any number of textbooks on informal logic, were introduced as a way to exhibit the structure of arguments.Arguments of arbitrary complexity could be diagrammed: Premise Conclusion Conclusion 1 Conclusion 2 Premise Conclusion 1 Conclusion 2 Premise Conclusion 3 Many argument diagrams can be done from the syntax of the discourse: X since Y signals Y as the premise, X as the conclusion; X since Y, and Y because Z signals a chain argument from Z to Y to X; and so on.The sticking point for argument diagrams comes when there are two (or more) premises that purport to entail their conclusion: X because Y and Z.Now Y and Z can have two quite different relations to their conclusion X.They can "link" in their support of their conclusion, or they can "converge" on their conclusion.Here are two clear examples of each: + Linked Reasons She's either in the study or the kitchen.She's not in the study.She's in the kitchen.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.020 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.028 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.042 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".