O Envelhecimento Influencia as Habilidades Pragmáticas, Léxico-Semânticas e Prosódicas do Hemisfério Direito?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Resumo: As habilidades lingüísticas formais são relacionadas ao papel do hemisfério cerebral esquerdo, enquanto as habilidades funcionais são ligadas predominantemente à ativação do hemisfério direito. A função linguagem no envelhecimento tem sido freqüentemente estudada. No entanto, encontram-se na literatura, geralmente, pesquisas sobre os aspectos lingüísticos formais em adultos idosos, sendo os funcionais ainda pouco investigados. O objetivo do presente estudo foi averiguar se o envelhecimento influencia no desempenho comunicativo associado ao hemisfério direito. Participaram da pesquisa 40 adultos jovens e 40 adultos idosos, de ambos os sexos, com escolaridade igual ou superior a oito anos de estudo, sem relato de quaisquer patologias sensoriais, neurológicas ou psiquiátricas. Foram incluídos indivíduos com escore no Mini Exame do Estado Mental superior a 23 pontos (adultos idosos) e ausência de depressão na Escala de Depressão Yesavage. O desempenho comunicativo foi examinado através da Bateria Montreal de Avaliação da Comunicação, versão Brasileira do instrumento canadense Protocole Montréal d’Évaluation de la Communication — tarefas de interpretação de metáforas, interpretação de atos de fala indiretos, evocação lexical, julgamento semântico e compreensão e produção prosódicas. A análise estatística dos dados foi realizada com o Teste t de Student. Os idosos apresentaram um desempenho significativamente inferior ao dos jovens na maioria das tarefas lingüísticas, com exceção da interpretação de atos de fala indiretos, prosódia lingüística — repetição e do julgamento semântico. A maior dificuldade de processamento comunicativo observada nos idosos não representou um deficit lingüístico, mas sim um efeito de idade no seu estilo comunicativo ou mudanças pragmáticas.
 
 Palavras-chave: Comunicação. Linguagem. Hemisfério Direito. Envelhecimento.
 
 
 Abstract: Structural linguistic abilities are more related to the left hemisphere’s role, while functional linguistic abilities are linked to the right hemisphere’s activity. Language in the elderly adults has been frequently investigated. In the literature, however, there are researches mainly focused on structural linguistic aspects in the aged population and the functional aspects are still less explored. This study aimed to verify if aging influences on communicative performance related to the right hemisphere. Two groups formed the sample: 1) 40 young adults and 2) 40 elderly adults. Participants should have eight or more years of formal education, without self-report of any sensorial, neurological or psychiatric disorders. In addition, the inclusion factors were performance in the Mini-Mental State Examination superior to 23 points (elderly adults), absence of depression in the Yesavage Depression Scale. The communicative performance was assessed with the Brazilian version of the Canadian instrument Protocole Montréal d’Évaluation de la Communication (Montreal Communication Evaluation Battery) — methaphor interpretation, indirect speech acts interpretation, verbal fluency, semantic judgement and prosody tasks. The data were analyzed through a Student t Test. Elderly adults showed a significant inferior performance in the majority of the communicative tasks, except for indirect speech acts interpretation, linguistic prosody — repetition and semantic judgement. The main difficulty in the communication processing observed in the elderly group did not mean a linguistic deficit; it suggested, however, an aging effect on their communicative profile or pragmatic changes.
 
 Keywords: Communication. Language. Right Hemisphere. Aging.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".