Direct determination of moisture in solid oil-paper insulation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The life of oil-paper insulation depends critically on the moisture content in paper. At present no method is available for direct measurement of moisture in paper insulation in transformers. This paper summarizes the results from a project for development of a method for direct measurement of moisture in paper in oil-paper insulated electrical equipment. Several techniques were investigated for their suitability for this application. The infrared absorption was found to be the most promising technique. The effectiveness of the infrared technique was examined on model transformer coils and on a power transformer, using optical fibre bundles for directing infrared radiation. The ratio of intensity of radiation back scattered from paper at a reference wavelength to that at a water absorption wavelength (Br/Bw) was used as a measure of the moisture content. From dry to ambient paper condition, the parameter Br/Bw changed by over 60%, and these readings were reproducible to better than 1%. Thus the infrared technique is sensitive enough to detect changes of the order of 0.1% in moisture content (eg, 1.9% to 2.0%) of paper insulation.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it