A Multifeature Voiced/Unvoiced Decision Algorithm for Noisy Speech
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a new algorithm for the voiced/unvoiced (V/UV) decision of noise-corrupted speech. A speech periodicity-harmonic function (SPHF) is proposed to manifest distinctive characteristics between voiced and unvoiced regions. A composite feature vector is developed by combining a periodicity measure obtained from the SPHF with some energy measures such as zero-crossing rate-weighted RMS energy, Kaiser-Teager frame energy and the normalized low-frequency energy ratio. Unlike the conventional hard threshold, a signal-dependent initial-threshold (SDIT) for each feature is determined based on its statistical properties. The SDIT is exploited to develop a logical expression that returns an objective score regarding V/UV region. Additional voicing criteria are introduced to remove the artifacts that may exist due to the overlapping between decision regions. Simulation results of the proposed multifeature classification scheme, using the Keele reference database, show superior efficacy at a low SNR relative to some of the existing V/UV decision algorithms
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".