^(10)Be/^9Be ratio up to 1.0 GeV/nucleon measured in the ISOMAX 98 balloon flight
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Isotope Magnet Experiment, ISOMAX, a balloon-borne superconducting magnet spectrometer was built with the capability to measure the isotopic composition of the light isotopes (3 ≤ Z ≤ 8) of the cosmic radiation up to 4 GeV/nucleon by using the β vs. rigidity technique with a mass resolution better than 0.25 amu, employing a combination of time-of-flight (TOF) system and silica-aerogel Cherenkov counters for the velocity determination. One of the primary scientific goals of ISOMAX was the accurate measurement of radioactive 10 Be with respect to its stable neighbor isotope 9 Be conveying information on the age of the cosmic rays in the galaxy. ISOMAX had its first flight on August 4-5, 1998, from Lynn Lake, Manitoba, Canada. It provided 13 h of data with a residual atmosphere of less than 5 g/cm^2 . This paper reports the results of the beryllium ratio 10 Be/9 Be = 0.195 ± 0.036 at the top of atmosphere in the energy range from 0.261 - 1.030 GeV/nucleon using the TOF in the 1998 flight. The high energy results of the beryllium ratio up to 2 GeV/nucleon in the Cherenkov regime as well as the lithium results in the TOF energy range are also reported in these proceedings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".