Bibliographic record
Abstract
A 50-year-old woman with advanced breast cancer underwent a lumbar spinal fusion to treat cord compression caused by metastases. There was a nonbloody, nonpurulent serous drainage from the incision. β2-Transferrin was measured to rule out cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage (Fig. 1). Trf, transferrin. How many transferrin bands are typically seen in CSF? What might cause the absence of β1-transferrin in a biological fluid? The answers are below. Serum contains β1-transferrin, and CSF contains β1 and β2 transferrins. The β2-transferrin in CSF is desialylated because of the presence of neuraminidase in the central nervous system. Hence, β2-transferrin is used as a marker of CSF leakage (1). Because β1-transferrin was present in serum but absent in drainage fluid, additional neuraminidase activity was suspected. This suspicion was supported by the culture of Staphylococcus aureus from the fluid. Most S. aureus strains have neuraminidase activity (2), and sepsis is associated with decreased sialylation of circulating transferrin (3).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".