Processions Painted in the Mausoleums of Tang Dynasty and Dunhuang Grottoes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
There are two typical varieties of paintings in historical relics of Tang Dynasty, one of which is the processions painted in mausoleums and the other is in Dunhuang grottoes. They are similar in forms but different in motifs and functions. The procession in mausoleums is to show the social status of the masters of the graves, mainly representing the life of the master before his/her death, the functions are ornamental mostly than ritualistic. The procession in Dunhuang grottoes are the reappearance of the real life of the governor of Gui-Yi-Jun so as to commemorate their great achievements. Judged by the artistic characteristics, the processions in mausoleums might have been painted by the artists of the royal court, for the characters in the paintings bear the features of portraits and landscapes of Tang Dynasty, whereas the processions in Dunhuang grottoes were most probably painted by local artists or the artists from the Gui-Yi-Jun government(late period),but the artistic values are not inferior to the former. Key words: Mausoleum in Tang Dynasty, Dunhuang grottoes, Mural, Procession, Ornamental, Ritualistic Monumental Resume: Les fresques des tombeaux des Tang et les fresques de l’Armee Gui Yi de Dunhuang sont les vestiges de deux sortes de peinture de deplacement les plus representatives des Tang. Malgre leur similitude de forme, le theme et la fonction sont tout a fait differents. Les premieres ont pour but de demontrer le statut du defunt a travers la representation de sa vie de deplacement de son vivant, et le caractere decoratif prevaut sur le caractere rituel. Les deuxiemes sont la manifestation de la vie reelle des commandants de l’Armee Gui Yi ou des gouverneurs locaux, et les buts de commemoration et de rite sont tres manifeste. Sur le plan du caractere artistique, il est possible que des lettres et peintres de la cour participerent a la creation des fresques des tombeaux des Tang, et on peut distinguer nettement certaines caracteristiques propres a la peinture de paysage, de personnages des Tang. Les fresques de Dunhuang furent crees par des artisans locaux ou des artisans professionnels de l’institut ou l’atelier de peinture relevant de l’Armee Gui Yi (pendant la derniere periode), mais elles ne le cedent point aux precedentes en finesse artistique. Mots-cles: tombeaux des Tang, grottes de Dunhuang, fresque, peinture de deplacement, but decoratif, but rituel, but commemoratif 摘要：唐墓出行圖和敦煌出行圖是目前所見唐代最典型的兩種出行圖遺存，雖形式相近，但主題及功能卻不盡相同。唐墓出行圖是通過對死者生前出行生活的再現來表明其身份及地位，裝飾性重於禮儀性；敦煌出行圖則是歸義軍節度使或地方統治者現實生活的反映，其紀念性和禮儀性目的非常明確。從藝術特點上來說，唐墓出行圖可能有宮廷文人畫家參與創作，因此，從畫面可看出明顯的唐代人物畫、山水畫的某些特徵；敦煌出行圖出自當地畫工之手，也有可能出自歸義軍畫院或畫行的專業畫工之手（晚期），但其藝術造詣絕不亞于唐墓出行圖。 關鍵詞：唐墓；敦煌石窟；壁畫；出行圖；裝飾性；禮儀性；紀念性
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".