Grammatical Relations, Transitivity and Ergativity: An Interactive View of Cleftability
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Keenan and Comrie's Accessibility Hierarchy (AH) applied to c1efting predicts greater c1eftability of subject (s U) than direct object (D 0).However, in some Eastern Austronesian languages, particularly Tongan, some transitive SUs are less c1eftable than other transitive SUs or DOs, and some DOs are less c1eftable than other DOs.This split pattern relates to both transitivity and ergativity.On the one hand, reduced c1eftability cooccurs with middle verbs which have weaker transitivity.On the other hand, the lesser c1eftability of 3SG transitive SU exhibits a split ergative pattern, whose apparent conflict with the AH may be resolved by reinterpreting the absolutive NP as SU and the ergative N P as DO.In any case, an adequate description of c1eftability needs to address interaction between the AH and other parts of the grammar.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".