Genetic signals of ancient decline in Aleppo pine populations at the species’ southwestern margins in the Mediterranean Basin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Microsatellite markers were used to characterize the structure of genetic diversity in natural Moroccan Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) populations, the most southwesterly marginal populations of the species in the Mediterranean Basin. Twenty-two natural populations and one artificial population, located in four regions covering most of the natural range of P. halepensis in the country, were sampled. Across this range, towards the south and west (and towards high altitudes) the populations become increasingly discrete and discontinuous. The nuclear microsatellite marker analysis suggests that a large proportion of the Aleppo pines in Morocco have derived from a single genetic lineage, represented by a central group of 11 of the examined populations located in the High and Middle Atlas Mountains. In addition, two smaller groups, represented by the marginal southwestern High Atlas populations, and three still smaller north / northeastern groups of populations located in the Rif and northeast Middle Atlas Mountains, could be genetically distinguished. Further, coalescence analysis of historical demographic population patterns suggests that ancient bottlenecks occurred in all of the natural populations. However, the population differentiation and genetic diversity levels we found were good (F(st) =15.47), presumably because of the species' good potential for long-distance dispersal of seeds and high invasive capacity, which appear to have maintained a state of stable near-equilibrium, meta-population dynamics since ancient times.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".