Palliative Embolisation of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations Presenting with Progressive Neurological Deficit
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SUMMARY: Large arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) located in eloquent areas of the brain are generally considered incurable because of the high morbidity and mortality associated with their treatment. When these patients develop a progressive neurological deficit they in time often become severely disabled. This report presents the results of palliative embolisation in this subgroup of patients. Analysis of our data-base of 714 patients with known brain AVMs revealed 17 patients who presented with progressive neurological deficit and who underwent palliative embolisation as the therapeutic modality of choice for management of their AVM. One patient was excluded due to lack of follow-up and two were excluded because they later received radiation therapy. Following embolisation 43% had improvement of their neurological deficit, 50% stabilized and 7% continued to deteriorate and these clinical results persisted for an average of more than 2 years follow-up. Transient neurological morbidity associated with embolisation treatment was 7% and there was no permanent morbidity and no mortality. Palliative embolisation of brain AVMs presenting with progressive neurological deficits arrested deterioration in more than 90% of patients and was associated with low morbidity and no mortality.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".