In vitro Plants of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Obtained by Direct Organogenesis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Common bean crops are staple food of great economic importance in developing countries and the most important source of plant protein around the world. Nevertheless, an efficient and reliable regeneration method is still lacking for this crop. Here it is described two economically important bean varieties, Bayomex (BAY) and Flower of May 199 (FM199), that yielded 84 and 78% explants with shoots and developed 3.6 and 2.61 shoots per explant respectively, in MS culture media with B5 vitamins (MSB5) and 10 µM benzylaminopurine (BAP). Multiple shoots of BAY and FM199 were promoted in MSB5 with BAP or thidiazuron (TDZ). Using 4.54 µM TDZ induced 2.5 and 2.9 shoots per explant and at 4.44 µM BAP 1.7 and 2.2 shoots per explant were formed in BAY and FM199, respectively. In the hypocotyl zone, rooting was induced with TDZ between 0.41 and 1.73 µM and with BAP between 0.44 and 1.68 µM. Callus was induced with 2.72 and 4.54 µM TDZ, adding 2.66 and 4.44 µM BAP. The FM199 shoots obtained with 2.72 and 4.54 µM TDZ and subsequently cultured in media with 2.72 µM TDZ promoted plant development and regeneration. There was an increase a 4.44 shoots per explant using the BAY variety with TDZ and subsequently grown with 4.44 µM BAP. Rooting of shoots was promoted in the media with 0.44 µM BAP or without phytoregulators. Regenerated plants were acclimatized in soil, grew normally and developed seeds.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".