Consistent long-term behavioural traits are linked to morphological defences in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Individual prey often exhibit consistent behavioural differences in responses to risk. Here, we assess whether such behavioural consistency is linked to morphological changes that are known to result in differences in vulnerability to predators. Some fishes increase their depth-to-length ratio when under increased risk of predation, thereby reducing their risk to gape-limited predators. However, the development of these defences is limited by available resources. We asked whether behavioural tendencies associated with shelter seeking and activity are linked to differences in growth patterns. Common carp classified as ‘active/non-sheltering’ or ‘passive/sheltering’ based on their movement patterns and shelter use, showed consistency in behaviour over a 10-month period with active/non-sheltering fish developing a greater depth to length ratio than passive/sheltering fish. The effectiveness of anti-predator strategies in animals is an integrative function of both behaviour and morphology. Our works highlights a fascinating link between behavioural consistency and the development of adaptive morphologies.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it