Collaboration Geographies: Native-White Partnerships During the Re-settlement of Ootsa Lake, British Columbia, 1900-52
Bibliographic record
Abstract
COLONIALISM WAS THE FIRST STAGE in the experience of Western modernity for most Aboriginal peoples of the world. Colonial discourses were part of an expanding capitalist and imperialist world system that generated profits for an elite group of Westerners who orchestrated the resettlement of alien territories through ever more complex systems of state administration and industrial production. Europeans brought their own imaginative geography to bear on distant lands as a means of legitimizing and, indeed, promoting the often brutal institution of colonial rule. They viewed their European homeland as the fully modern pinnacle of civilization and most nonEuropean regions as anachronistic, unclaimed, and often uninhabited stretches of territory awaiting settlement and cultivation. Such perceptions motivated settlers to travel thousands of miles in search of new wealth and opportunities. The successes of colonialism hinged on the establishment of European power in non-Western regions of the globe. Colonialism was therefore attempted in many different places and through many different means. These measures ranged from outright violence and conquest to treaty settlements and codified forms of discrimination. Conversely, colonialism varied according to the forms and intensity of resistance presented by both Aboriginal peoples and the physical environment. In fact, in some areas indigenous societies resisted colonization long enough to trigger alterations in its implementation and socio-cultural
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.026 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".