Hemin therapy suppresses established hypertension in adult hypertensive rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Acutely applied heme oxygenase inducers lowers blood pressure (BP) of young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) but not adult with established hypertension. Heme oxygenase breaks down heme to produce carbon monoxide, biliverdin/bilirubin with antioxidant/anti‐inflammatory actions while the iron formed induces the formation of ferritin, an antioxidant. In the present study, the heme oxygenase inducer, hemin, was administered at a dose of 15 mg/kg to two groups of adult (20 weeks) SHR by subcutaneous (s.c.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) routes respectively for 23 days. Hemin given i.p. and s.c. routes effectively reduced blood pressure to physiological levels in adult SHR from 202.4±2.4 to 138.6±2.2 mmHg (p< 0.01, n=8) and from 202.2±1.2 to 125.7±1.1 mmHg (p<0.01, n=6) respectively. The i.p. route was more effective in reducing BP. Hemin given by i.p reduced BP by 76 mmHg whereas by s.c. the reduction was 63 mmHg. Hemin given by s.c. or i.p. route did not affect blood pressure in normotensive age‐matched Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (120.5±1.6 vs. 124.3±1.5 mmHg, n=6) and (123.5±1.6 vs. 123.6±1.7 mmHg, n=5) respectively. The antihypertensive effect of hemin was accompanied by increased levels of carbon monoxide signalling agents (HO‐1, HO activity, cGMP, and PKG), all of which enhance vascular relaxation. Contrarily, hemin therapy abrogated PLC and IP 3 activities. Thus, the potentiation of vasorelaxant mechanisms, accompanied by the concomitant suppression of vasoconstrictor pathways may account for the antihypertensive effects of hemin. (This work is supported by Heart & Stroke Foundation of Saskatchewan, Canada)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".