Quality of life in patients after minimally invasive endoscopic atraumatic coronary artery bypass grafting: a long-term follow-up.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Quality of life (QoL) is an acknowledged parameter that subjectively describes treatment effectiveness and is used also in cardiac surgery. Minimally-invasive totally endoscopic atraumatic coronary artery bypass grafting (EACAB) does not require the use of cardiopulmonary bypass, reduces hospital stay and facilitates early rehabilitation. Therefore, this procedure should significantly improve QoL in patients with coronary artery disease. AIM: To assess QoL during a 12-year follow-up in patients who underwent EACAB. METHODS: The study group comprised 706 consecutive patients who underwent EACAB between April 1998 and December 2010. Median duration of follow-up was 1918 days. QoL was assessed by either telephone interview or letter correspondence. Complete data were obtained from 413 persons aged 59 ± 6 years. We evaluated the effect of pre- and postoperative variables on QoL. RESULTS: Compared with the preoperative period, a marked improvement in QoL after EACAB was reported by 38.6%, and improvement by 37.2% of patients. No change in QoL was noted by 18.8% of subjects, and 5.4% of responders reported deterioration of QoL. The following parameters were found to have no impact on QoL: gender (p = 0.3), myocardial infarction (MI) before EACAB (p = 0.3), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.7), and baseline angina severity by the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) classification (p = 0.8). Time delay between the surgery and QoL assessment had no impact on the results. During the follow-up, reported QoL was related to the severity of angina symptoms (p = 0.006), need for rehospitalisation (p = 0.02), MI (p = 0.04) and repeated revascularisation (p = 0.02). In multivariate analysis, only MI had a significant impact on QoL (p = 0.04). Current drug therapy had no impact on QoL. CONCLUSIONS: EACAB significantly improved QoL in coronary patients. MI during follow-up was associated with deterioration of QoL.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".