Public Awareness toward Palliative Care: Integrative Literature Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Public awareness toward palliative care is playing a very important role in demanding various palliative care resources in different countries. A comprehensive assessment of public awareness toward palliative care is needed in order to intervene appropriately according to the public needs in this matter. Purpose: To assess current level of public awareness towards palliative care. Method: An integrative literature review design was utilized. CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE were searched. The following keywords (palliative care, general public, awareness, knowledge) were used in combination and/or mesh. After removing the duplicate articles and applying the inclusion criteria, a total of eight articles were retrieved to be considered the core of this review. Findings: There is a strong relationship between public awareness and the length of establishment of palliative care in different countries (Northern Ireland, New Zealand, Canada, & Australia). Also, it can be inferred that there is a highly public awareness of palliative care whenever there is a national guidelines and programs well established to enhance palliative care (New Zealand & Australia). Contrariwise, limited public awareness is reflected in countries where the concept of palliative care is relatively new (India). Conclusion: Demanding palliative care resources is highly connected to public awareness. Implication: Raising public awareness must be taken into consideration within international strategies for palliative care, that requires the concept of palliative care to be brought forward and integrated within the delivery of health care systems, palliative care services, and policy. Recommendations: Future researchers should assess the current level of knowledge and factors contribute to public awareness; due to scarcity of research literature related to public awareness toward palliative care.Policy makers should be urged to develop a national guidelines or methods to increase the public awareness towards palliative care. Keywords: Palliative care, General public, Awareness, knowledge.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.034 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.027 | 0.021 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".