Radiation efficiency of printed slot antennas backed by a ground reflector
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although in the literature the back-reflector technique has been extensively used as a means of rendering the slot patterns unidirectional, there is no quantitative information on the effectiveness of this approach. In this work, the use of a back reflector as a means of increasing the efficiency and antenna gain of printed slot antennas is evaluated. For this purpose, the radiation efficiency of reflector-backed printed slot antennas on either electrically thin or thick substrates is thoroughly characterized; both single and twin slot elements are considered. Twin slot elements have been previously proposed for the reduction of the coupling to the dominant surface-wave mode in the case of electrically thick substrates. In this article, twin slot elements are explored as a means of enhancing the radiation efficiency of printed slots backed by a ground reflector. It is shown that in the case of thick substrates, simultaneous partial cancellation of the surface-wave and the parallel-plate TEM modes can be achieved. On the other hand, in the case of thin substrates where the back radiation is severe, the twin slot element can be utilized for the drastic reduction of the parallel-plate TEM mode.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".