Electricity deregulation in Alberta: a national and international perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Electric Power Industry is undergoing a major structural change. As in companion network industries, i.e., transportation and telecommunications, the market for electric power is evolving from monopoly to competition. The Province of Alberta has taken a leadership role in restructuring its power industry through the introduction of the Electric Utilities Act in 1995. Subsequent consultations between stakeholders led to Bill 27, the Electric Utilities Amendment Act passed in 1998. The old model is one of vertically-integrated, regulated monopoly comprising the 3 elements: generation, transmission and distribution. In the new model, generation, transmission and distribution are treated separately, with generation and retail services set free from the deregulation mechanism. To ensure a level playing field, the "wires" (transmission grid) are spun into a separate entity and governed by an independent transmission administrator. This ensures system access to the pool to all generators and importers on a nondiscriminatory basis irrespective of the "wires" ownership. Customer choice at distribution level is scheduled for January 1, 2001.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".