Revisiting Verb (Projection)Raising in Old English
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This chapter examines the distribution of verb raising (VR) and verb projection raising (VPR) in Old English (OE), using the York–Toronto–Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Old English Prose. VR and VPR refer to the operations permuting a clause final tensed verb with the non-finite verb, and the tensed verb with a verbal projection (e.g., nonfinite verb and object), found widely in West Germanic. It shows that OE robustly attests both VR and VPR, and some of the same distributional tendencies (such as VR and VPR being less common with auxiliary have) and constraints (such as a ban on order resulting from permuting the first and second nonfinite verbs in a string of three verbs) found elsewhere in West Germanic. In terms of distribution within OE, VR, and VPR show a stable distribution over time, but considerable variation across author and text.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it