On the Escape Velocity in General Relativity and the Problem of Dark Matter
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The paper is concerned with analysis of the escape velocity for a spherical star within the framework of the Classical Gravitation Theory (CGT) and the General Theory of Relativity (GTR). In GTR, two possible results corresponding to the classical and the generalized Schwarzschild solutions are obtained. For the latter solution which, in contrast to the former one, is not singular, the critical radius of the star for which the particle cannot leave the surface even if the initial velocity of the particle is equal to the velocity of light is found and is associated with the radius of the Dark Star introduced in the 18-th century by J. Michel and P. Laplace. As shown, the radius of the largest visible star, i.e., the red supergiant UY Scutti, is much larger than the obtained critical radius. If the Dark Stars whose radii are smaller than the critical radius exist, they are hypothetically not visible and can concentrate the matter that cannot be observed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".