Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of nesfatin‐1 induces c‐fos expression in the rat forebrain.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The forebrain contains neuronal circuits of critical importance in the regulation of food intake. Nesfatin has been identified as a satiety peptide within central neurons. ICV injection of nesfatin‐1 decreases food intake in a dose‐dependent manner and result in a decrease in body weight. However, the central pathways activated by nesfatin‐1 are not known. In this study, the distribution of neurons expressing fos‐like immunoreactivity following ICV infusions of nesfatin‐1 (5 pmol/µl; 2 µl followed by two 1 µl injections every 30 min) was identified in the rat forebrain. Fos labeled neurons were found within the hypothalamus: paraventricular, supraoptic, arcuate, lateral, dorsomedial and posterior nuclei. In addition, the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, median preoptic nucleus and subfornical organ expressed fos labeling. Finally, fos labeling was observed within the midline thalamic nuclei, lateral septum, islands of Calleja, medial preoptic nucleus and medial and central nuclei of amygdala. These data suggest that nesfatin‐1 exerts its anorexigenic effects through the activation of forebrain structures previously implicated in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. Supported by Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".