Elevated Expression of the Testis-specific Gene <i>WBP2NL</i> in Breast Cancer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in women; therefore, the study of molecular aspects of breast cancer for finding new biomarkers is important. Recent studies have shown that WW domain-binding protein 2 (WBP2) is important for the oncogenic property of breast cancer. WWP2 N-terminal-like (WBP2NL) is a testis-specific signaling protein that induces meiotic resumption and oocyte activation events. Our previous study revealed that WBP2NL gene expression is elevated in actively dividing cells and it might be associated with cellular proliferation and tumorigenic process. However, the clinical relevance and importance of WBP2NL gene in cancer has not been understood yet. Therefore, we were interested in analyzing the expression of WBP2NL gene in human breast cancer tissues and breast cancer cell lines, for the first time. We used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and semi-nested RT-PCR to evaluate the expression of WBP2NL in malignant breast cancer and adjacent noncancerous tissue (ANCT) samples, as well as MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The WBP2NL gene was expressed in 45 out of 50 (90%) breast cancer tissues and overexpressed in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. We suggest that WBP2NL may play roles in breast cancer activation maybe through binding to a group I WW domain protein. The elevated expression of WBP2NL gene in breast cancer and MDA-MB-231 cell line leads us to suggest that WBP2NL might be considered as a novel prognostic factor for early diagnosis of breast cancer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".