Corporate Social Disclosure Practices in Kuwait
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this research is set out to examine the firm social responsibility disclosure practices in Kuwait by analyzing 2012 annual reports of industrial and service firms listed on Kuwait Stock Exchange (KSE) to find out whether the level of social disclosure is influenced by firm-specific characteristics. The study showed that the majority of the firms somehow disclose social information and revealed thatthe level of firm social responsibility disclosure is influenced by firm size, profitability and the government ownership. The study also demonstrated that social responsibility disclosure has a significant positive association with both firm size and profitability and negative marginal association with government ownership. Moreover, the study confirmed that other variables such as leverage; liquidity, firm age and type of industry have no significant impact on the social responsibility disclosure on industrial and service firms listed on KSE. The study concluded that the time has come for firms listed on KSE to do serious activities towards developing socialresponsibility disclosure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".