Bibliographic record
Abstract
The nasal valve consists of four distinct airflow-resistive components. (i) The vestibule terminates in an airflow-resistive aperture between the septum and the caudal end of the upper lateral cartilage. Its cross-sectional area is stabilized by the cartilaginous structures and by inspiratory isometric contractions of alar dilator muscles. Its walls are devoid of erectile tissues that might otherwise affect its cross-sectional area and airflow resistance. By contrast, (ii) the bony entrance to the cavum is occupied by erectile tissues of both (iii) lateral (turbinate) and (iv) septal nasal walls that modulate the cross-sectional area of the airway and airflow resistance. The body of the cavum offers little resistance to airflow. Valve constrictions induce "orifice flow" of inspiratory air as it enters the body of the cavum, disrupting laminar characteristics and thereby enhancing exchanges with the nasal mucosa of heat, water, and contaminants. Acoustic rhinometric and rhinomanometric measurements show the sites, dimensions, and resistances of the valve constrictions and indicate that it is seldom necessary to extend septal and/or turbinate surgery far beyond the piriform aperture in the treatment of nasal obstruction.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".