Preface to The American College of Veterinary Surgeons The Second 25 Years
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The year 2015 marks the 50th anniversary of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (ACVS) and prompts a proud reflection on the College's development since its incorporation in 1965. Dr. Mark W. Allam, Dean of the School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, was primarily responsible for initiating an organizational meeting to create a certifying agency for recognition of advanced training in surgery. Those in attendance were Drs. James Archibald (Ontario Veterinary College), Wade Brinker (Michigan State University), Edwin Churchill (Lexington, Kentucky), Jacques Jenny (University of Pennsylvania) and Richard Rudy (The Ohio State University). This distinguished and dedicated group drafted a Constitution and Bylaws and sought recognition by the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA). In 1970, the AVMA granted full approval of the College and the honored designation “Diplomate, American College of Veterinary Surgeons” emerged. After reviewing the credentials of numerous veterinarians 36 Charter Diplomates were selected, and the first certifying examination was given in 1968. Fourteen examinees became ACVS Diplomates. Dr. Ghery Pettit, in an article published in Veterinary Surgery in 1990, described the evolution of ACVS during its first 25 years. Now, in a comprehensive and illuminating article, Dr. Ann L. Johnson has captured the continued growth and maturation during the College's second 25 years. Dr. Johnson chronicles the transitions in the College's administration, formalization of residency programs and credentialing requirements, advancements in the certifying examination and the changes in the continuing education programs for veterinarians and Diplomates. In its 50 years of existence, the ACVS has expanded beyond an AVMA recognized specialty organization responsible for the certification of veterinary surgeons. The College has become internationally recognized as the leading veterinary surgery specialty organization. One can take pride in the history and achievements of this remarkable organization, as so well presented by Dr. Johnson. Alan J. Lipowitz, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVS Past ACVS President
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".