Measurements of the Stack Metal Temperature During a Natural Gas Blowdown Event Through a Full-Bore Blowdown Valve
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Experiments were used in conjunction with a compressible flow model to investigate the temperature recovery phenomenon along a blowdown stack during a high-pressure natural gas pipeline blowdown. The test rig involved instrumented 2 in. blowdown stacks mounted on a full-bore valve. Stacks with two wall thicknesses and stagnation pressures of approximately 3000 kPa-a and 5600 kPa-g were tested, giving a total of four test cases. Using the compressible flow model, which was calibrated using static pressure measurements, the stack-gas temperature was calculated to range from −38 °C to −18 °C for the four test cases. The respective stack wall temperatures were measured to range between −13 °C and 0 °C; thus, the temperature recovery ranged between 18 °C and 26 °C. Empirical correlations available in the literature, which were developed for aeronautical applications, were tested against the experimental results. Poor agreement was found between the measured temperature recovery factor and that predicted by five empirical correlations: the coefficient of determination (R2) between the measured and correlation-calculated recovery factor was found to be negative for all five correlations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".