Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Male Offenders: Initiation, Motivations, Emotions, and Precipitating Events
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a complex issue that poses a risk to offenders and staff in all correctional jurisdictions and understanding of this behaviour in adult male offenders is limited. One hundred and four federally sentenced men in Canada participated in semi-structured interviews that were designed to assess their history of NSSI. Interview questions centered on mental health and history of abuse, suicide attempts, and non-suicidal self-injury, including whether the behaviour occurred before or after admission to a correctional facility. Coping was the most common reason provided for engaging in self-injury. The second most frequently reported reason was instrumental reasons, which involved using NSSI to exert control or obtain external rewards. Among a subset of men who first initiated NSSI in a Canadian federal institution, institutional-specific interpersonal influence was the most frequent motivation. The emotions most commonly reported by the men prior to engaging in NSSI were anger and frustration, and the emotions most commonly reported following NSSI were relief, followed by regret. Given that the motivations for NSSI and the emotions experienced by the individual can vary considerably, interventions should consider these motivations and emotions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".