Attraction of <i>Monarthrum scutellare</i> (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to hydroxy ketones and host volatiles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Species of ambrosia beetle Monarthrum are potentially invasive and pose a threat to forest resources around the world. Due to their cryptic lifestyle, these beetles are difficult to detect and monitor. In 2008, we set up traps baited with synthetic pheromones and host volatiles in mixed coniferous–deciduous forested areas in Metchosin, British Columbia, to test the efficacy of various lures at detecting species of Cerambycidae and discovered that the combination of ethanol (EtOH) and the synthetic cerambycid pheromone racemic 3-hydroxyoctan-2-one (C8-ketol) was a very effective attractant for Monarthrum scutellare (LeConte). In 2009, an experiment was set up in Garry oak ( Quercus garryana Douglas ex Hook.) forests to test the effect of baiting traps with C8-ketols or EtOH, or both lures combined, on capture of M. scutellare. A significant number of M. scutellare males were captured in funnel traps baited with EtOH and EtOH paired with C8-ketol. The use of C8-ketol paired with EtOH lures substantially increased trap sensitivity and should therefore improve the efficacy of detecting M. scutellare in bark and ambrosia beetle surveys and surveillance programs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".