A low-cost satellite terminal for measuring Ka-band propagation to low earth orbit using the CASSIOPE satellite
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although Ka-band links to communication satellites in geostationary orbit (GEO) have been used for many years, their use in communicating with communication and remote sensing satellites in low earth orbit (LEO) is still emerging. Of particular interest to designers is characterization of the rate of fading, i.e., the so-called fade slope, which is accentuated on links to satellites to LEO by the rapid manner in which the Earth-space path sweeps though rain cells in the vicinity of the Earth station as the satellite passes across the sky. Fade slopes steepen as the orbital altitude of the satellite decreases and as the intensity of individual rain cells increases. The result has important implications for the design of the power control loops and other mitigation strategies used to mitigate rain fading on such links. Only a few satellites in LEO carry Ka-band propagation beacons or receivers suitable for use in propagation studies and, for various reasons, relatively little measurement data to support design of such links is available.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".