Growth, Performance and Carcass Yield of Broilers Fed Standard and Low Protein Feeds with Inclusion of Dietary Crude Testosterone
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Uses of exogenous growth a promoter are safe, improve performance and reduce production costs in poultry business. Our objectives were to evaluate the influence of dietary crude testosterone (CTE) inclusion on growth, performance and carcass yield of broilers fed standard- and low-protein diets. One hundred and eighty day-old Marshall strain of broiler chicks were randomly assigned to six treatments; T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6. T1 served as control (for standard-protein diet (SPD)) without CTE. T2 were fed SPD with CTE inclusion for 8 weeks. T3 were fed SPD with inclusion of CTE during the finisher phase only (4 weeks). T4 was control for low- protein diet (LPD) without CTE inclusion for 8 weeks. T5 were fed LPD with CTE inclusion for 8 weeks and T6 were fed LPD with the inclusion of CTE at the finisher phase only. Birds had ad libitum access to feed, water, and routine medications were administered. Feed intake, water intake, feed conversion ratio, body weight gain including carcass yield were measured and analyzed according to procedures of SAS. The results of the experiment showed that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in all parameters measured except mortality, thigh, drumstick, proventriculus, neck and gizzard. However, birds on T2 performed best by attaining a live weight of 2098.00 g at 8 weeks and a FCR of 2.07. Profit per bird was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced. Therefore, inclusion of CTE as growth promoter in commercial broiler production with low-protein diet can be adopted for profitable broiler production.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".