Crônica de uma praga anunciada epidemias agrícolas e história ambiental do café nas Américas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
As epidemias agrícolas fornecem um ponto de vista privilegiado para a história ambiental global e transnacional de commodities. A epidemia da ferrugem, causada pelo fungo Hemileia nastatrix, é uma das mais sérias doenças que têm atingido a indústria global de café. No século XIX, ela devastou as plantações de café no Velho Mundo. Também reduziu agudamente a produção de café do tipo arábica na África, Ásia e no Pacífico. Esse foi um dos fatores que permitiu aos países da Américas dominarem a produção global no século XX. Essa epidemia foi detectada nas Américas pela primeira vez na década de 1970. A sua história nas Américas, e as tentativas de seu controle lançam luzes sobre dois paradigmas maiores que moldaram a história ambiental do café no final do século XX. São eles: o paradigma tecnicista, dominante entre meados do século XX até o início dos anos 1990; e o paradigma da sustentabilidade, cujo domínio emergiu em meados dos anos 1980 e se mantém até o presente.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".