La place des programmes d'échanges de seringues parmi les stratégies de réduction de méfaits dans les pénitenciers canadiens
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The prevalence rates of illicit drug consumption within the prison system are much higher than those in the Canadian population in general. Of the substances used in detention, those of most concern to prison and public health authorities are injection drugs, as the sharing of injection drug equipment may be responsible for the high prevalence of blood-borne diseases in prison facilities. Faced with this situation, the Correctional Service of Canada put in practice a number of harm reduction strategies targeting injection drug users, such as methadone maintenance programs and access to bleach. However, despite their use in the community, needle-exchange programs are not yet allowed in penitentiaries. This article analyzes the limits of harm reduction strategies approved by the prison authorities and discusses the sources of resistance that continue to impede the realization of a pilot project to assess the feasibility of needle-exchange programs in detention in Canada. Key words: Prisons; needle-exchange programs; substance abuse intravenous Resume Les taux de prevalence de consommation de drogues illicites dans les milieux carceraux s'averent beaucoup plus eleves que ceux de la population canadienne en general. Parmi les substances consommees en detention, les drogues injectables sont celles qui preoccupent davantage les autorites penitentiaires et de sante publique, vu que la haute prevalence des maladies transmissibles par le sang dans ces milieux peut etre imputable au partage de materiel destine a l'injection de drogues. Aux prises avec cette situation, le Service correctionnel du Canada met actuellement en pratique quelques strategies de reduction de mefaits ciblant les detenus usagers de drogues injectables, tels les programmes d'entretien a la methadone et l'acces a de l'eau de javel. Toutefois, malgre son utilisation dans la communaute, les programmes d'echange de seringues ne sont pas encore acceptes dans les penitenciers. Cet article analyse les limites des strategies de reduction des mefaits actuellement approuvees par les autorites carcerales et discute les sources de resistance qui continuent a empecher la realisation d'un projet pilote pour evaluer la faisabilite des programmes d'echange de seringues en detention au Canada. Mots cles : penitencier; echange de seringues; drogues injectables
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".