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Record W1906262730 · doi:10.7202/005112ar

Les services de santé publique des villes nord-américaines : une longue tradition d’engagement municipal

2002· article· fr· W1906262730 on OpenAlexvenueaboutno aff
Benoît Gaumer

Bibliographic record

VenueLien social et Politiques · 2002
Typearticle
Languagefr
FieldHealth Professions
TopicPublic Health Policies and Education
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsHumanitiesPolitical scienceArt

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Cette revue de littérature analyse l'évolution historique des services de santé publique urbains en Amérique du Nord à travers les principales études réalisées jusqu'à maintenant. De leur synthèse, il ressort un certain modèle nord-américain d'implantation et de développement des services de santé publique en milieu urbain. Trois phases apparaissent dans cette prise en charge des problèmes de santé par un département de santé publique nettement distinct des institutions municipales. La première étape, qui couvre la deuxième moitié du dix-neuvième siècle, est fortement marquée par la doctrine miasmatique ou anticontagionniste. La seconde correspond à l'adoption de la théorie microbienne. La troisième correspond à l'émergence, entre les deux guerres mondiales, du courant d'éducation sanitaire et de médecine préventive. Ce modèle d'évolution des activités de santé publique se retrouve dans quasiment toutes les grandes villes nord-américaines. Rares sont cependant les études de longue durée (comme celles qui portent sur les villes de New York et de Toronto) permettant de valider ou de réfuter le modèle.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.005
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.012
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.379
Threshold uncertainty score0.754

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0050.012
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0020.004
Science and technology studies0.0070.007
Scholarly communication0.0070.004
Open science0.0010.005
Research integrity0.0020.003
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0090.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.146
GPT teacher head0.470
Teacher spread0.324 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designQualitative
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations2
Published2002
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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