Examining the relationship between self-reported executive cognitive functioning and substance misuse in university students
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Substance misuse is highly prevalent among university students. One possible risk factor is dysfunction in Executive Cognitive Functions (ECF). Barkley and Fischer criticized traditional ECF neuropsychological tests, claiming that ratings of ECF in daily life are more ecologically valid. Barkley’s Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale (BDEFS), a novel self-report measure of ECF, was used to assess to assess the relationship between ECF and substance misuse in 154 university students. In this sample, 38.8% met criteria for hazardous alcohol use while 18.7% met criteria for hazardous drug use. Problematic alcohol users differed from non-problematic users in overall ECF impairment as well as on Self-Management to Time and Self-Restraint subscales. Problematic drug users differed from non-problematic users on Self-Restraint. These results suggest that the BDEFS may be a valuable tool to assess ECF impairment in substance misusers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".