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Record W1909545046 · doi:10.5539/ass.v11n19p143

Improving the Competitiveness of Agricultural Products Is the Basis for Food Security in Kazakhstan

2015· article· en· W1909545046 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueAsian Social Science · 2015
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldAgricultural and Biological Sciences
TopicAgricultural Development and Policies
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsBackwardnessAgricultureFood securityBusinessIndependence (probability theory)Profitability indexAgricultural economicsLimitingEconomicsEconomic growthGeographyEngineering

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

This article describes the main economic indicators characterizing the level of food security of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the years of its independence. The conducted analysis led to the conclusion that the country is strongly dependent on the imports of most types of food.Despite significant progress in the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the years of independence, the level of competitiveness of agricultural products is still low. The main limiting factors, according to the author, are: fragmentation of economic units, technical and technological backwardness of the industry; insufficient level of compliance of agricultural products with modern quality standards; low profitability of agricultural production. The article defines the main directions and forms of improving the competitiveness of agricultural products in Kazakhstan as a fundamental factor in ensuring food security of the country.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.906
Threshold uncertainty score0.505

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.026
GPT teacher head0.236
Teacher spread0.209 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it