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Record W1912345398 · doi:10.5489/cuaj.1153

Malignant lymphoma of the testis: a study of 12 cases

2013· article· en· W1912345398 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Andrea G. Lantz, Nicholas Power, Brian Hutton, Rekha Gupta

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian Urological Association Journal · 2013
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicLymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
Canadian institutionsDalhousie UniversityUniversity of Ottawa
Fundersnot available
KeywordsMedicineInternational Prognostic IndexStage (stratigraphy)SurgeryLymphomaOrchiectomyRetrospective cohort studyProportional hazards modelChemotherapyInternal medicineCyclophosphamide

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Introduction: Testicular lymphoma is a rare and deadly diseaserepresenting 1% to 2% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs)and approximately 5% of all testicular neoplasms. Our objectiveis this study was to identify the presenting signs and symptoms,treatment and outcome of patients with testicular lymphoma diagnosedat our institution from 1992 to 2005, and to identify anydifferences in survival based on Ann Arbor Stage and InternationalPrognostic Index (IPI).Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed to identifydemographic characteristics, presenting signs and symptoms, treatmentand outcomes. Survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meiersurvival curves and log-rank testing.Results: Thirteen cases were identified; 1 of these cases was ultimatelyexcluded due to a diagnosis of lymphoma a year beforehe presented with testicular involvement. Of the remaining 12cases, the mean age was 65 years. Most patients presented withtesticular and scrotal swelling or mass. B symptoms (weight loss,fever, night sweats) were present in 1 case. Of the 12 cases,7 cases were stage I, 1 stage II and 4 stage IV. InternationalPrognostic Index was low risk (≤1) in 7 cases and high risk (>1)in 4 cases. Orchiectomy was performed in all cases. Three patientsreceived no further treatment. Of the remaining 9 patients, overall7 received systemic chemotherapy, and 7 radiation therapy(prophylactic in 6). Three patients received intrathecal chemotheraphyprophylaxis. Seven patients achieved complete remission.Four patients (57%) relapsed following complete remission. Mediantime to relapse was 32 months (range 11 to 73 months). Six patientsdied. Median survival was 29 months, and was significantly differentbetween early versus advanced stage (stage I/II disease: 71months; stage IV: 5 months p = 0.007).Conclusion: Testicular lymphoma is a rare and deadly form of extranodallymphoma. Survival was significantly different in early stageI/II and IPI low-risk versus advanced stage IV and IPI high-riskdisease. Randomized, prospective treatment trials may help toestablish better treatment strategies.Introduction : Le lymphome testiculaire est une maladie rare etmeurtrière représentant de 1 à 2 % de tous les lymphomes nonhodgkiniens (LNH) et environ 5 % des cancers testiculaires.L’objectif de notre étude était de dégager les signes et symptômesinitiaux, le traitement et les résultats possibles liés au lymphometesticulaire chez les patients ayant reçu un tel diagnostic à notreétablissement entre 1992 et 2005, et de déterminer les différencesdans les taux de survie en fonction de la classification de AnnArbor et de l’Indice pronostique international (IPI).Méthodologie : Un examen rétrospectif de dossiers a été effectuéafin de dégager les caractéristiques démographiques, les signeset symptômes initiaux, les méthodes de traitement et les résultats.La survie a été évaluée à l’aide des courbes de survie deKaplan-Meier et de la méthode de Mantel-Haenzel.Résultats : Treize cas ont été cernés; un des cas a plus tard étéexclus de notre étude en raison d’un diagnostic de lymphomeétabli un an avant la découverte de l’atteinte testiculaire. Chezles 12 cas restants, l’âge moyen était de 65 ans. La plupart despatients présentaient une enflure ou une masse testiculaires ouscrotales. Des symptômes B (perte de poids, fièvre, sueurs nocturnes)ont été notés dans un cas. Sur les 12 cas, 7 étaient destade I, 1, de stade II et 4, de stade IV. L’IPI indiquait un faiblerisque (≤ 1) dans 7 cas, et un risque élevé (> 1) dans 4 cas. Tousles patients ont subi une orchidectomie. Trois patients n’ont reçuaucun autre traitement, tandis que chez les 9 autres patients, 7ont reçu une chimiothérapie systémique et 7, une radiothérapie(prophylactique dans 6 cas). Trois patients ont reçu un traitementprophylactique par chimiothérapie intrathécale. Sept patients ontobtenu une rémission complète, parmi lesquels quatre patients(57 %) ont présenté plus tard une récidive. Le délai médian avantla récidive était de 32 mois (écart : 11 à 73 mois). Six patientssont décédés. La survie médiane était de 29 mois; une différencesignificative a été notée sur le plan de la survie médiane entreles patients de stade précoce et les patients de stade avancé (stadesI ou II : 71 mois; stade IV : 5 mois; p = 0,007).Conclusion : Le lymphome testiculaire est une forme rare et meurtrièrede lymphome extraganglionnaire. La survie s’est révéléesignificativement différente entre les stades précoces (I/II) et unIPI associé à un faible risque d’une part et un stade avancé (IV)et un IPI associé à un risque élevé d’autre part. Des essais prospectifsavec répartition aléatoire pourraient aider à élaborer demeilleures stratégies thérapeutiques.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.015
Threshold uncertainty score0.988

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.018
GPT teacher head0.227
Teacher spread0.209 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations41
Published2013
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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