Self-conscious emotions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Symptoms of anxiety and depression are elevated in patients with COPD. Self-conscious emotions have been documented in patient narratives which appear to negatively impact on psychological morbidity. There is a need to understand the extent to which self-conscious emotions are expressed in patients with COPD. Methods :15 patients with COPD participated in individual interviews exploring self-conscious emotions. Data were coded independently by two researchers and constructs elicited via inductive thematic analysis. Findings: 6 overarching themes were abstracted: Spectrum of blame -accepting personal responsibility for the disease, attempting to justify smoking behaviour and attributing disease to external factors. Concern about the view of others -associated with the visibility of the disease. Minimisation -dismissal of self, related to judgements about self-worth and aging, and dismissal from others. Silence- stoicism and suppression. Worry about the future -related to the progressive nature of COPD and catastrophic cognitions. Grief -loss of the anticipated future and the lifestyle once had. Conclusions: Patients recognise COPD to be self-inflicted provoking painful emotions. Embarrassment and shame are coupled with feelings of guilt associated with not wanting to emotionally burden others; yet, patients express desire for compassion and understanding. Reflection on the past and anticipation about the future elicit feelings of grief, frustration and anxiety. Mindfulness therapies which encourage patients to be non-judgmental about their smoking behavior and draw focus back to the current may be beneficial in promoting acceptance and control and reducing elaboration and anxiety.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".