Deterministic/probabilistic contingency evaluation in composite generation and transmission systems
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Deterministic criteria and techniques have been developed and applied in power system planning and operation over many decades. Their essential weakness is that they cannot account for the stochastic nature of system behavior, of customer demands, or of component failures. The deterministic criterion usually applied in a composite system is designated as the (n-1) criterion. Application of the (n-1) criterion does not provide information on the actual impacts of the different contingencies on the load point and system reliability. Probability techniques are now highly developed, but they have been used mainly in the planning and operation of generating capacity. There is relatively little utilization in the planning and operation of composite generation and transmission systems. This paper examines the impacts of different single contingencies on the composite system reliability of two test systems using probability techniques. The approach presented provides valuable information for system planning. This information cannot be obtained using deterministic techniques.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it