Predictive factors of outcome in primary cervical dystonia following pallidal deep brain stimulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Improvement after bilateral globus pallidus internus deep brain stimulation (DBS) in primary generalized dystonia has been negatively associated with disease duration and age, but no predictive factors have been identified in primary cervical dystonia (CD). METHODS: Patients treated with bilateral globus pallidus internus DBS for primary CD from 2 DBS centers with preoperative and postoperative Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scales (TWSTRS) were studied retrospectively to explore possible predictors of response. RESULTS: Patients showed significantly improved TWSTRS total and severity scores (n = 28, mean 55.6% and 50.8%, respectively, both P < .001). Patients with lateral shift at baseline had less improvement in TWSTRS severity subscores (P = .02). No correlations between outcomes and disease duration, age at dystonia onset or surgery, baseline scores, or other included variables were found. CONCLUSIONS: Although this is the largest study supporting efficacy of bilateral pallidal DBS in primary CD, no major clinical predictive outcomes of surgical benefit were identified.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".