River Incision in Relation to Post-Glacial Events in the Humber River Basin, Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
River valleys in the Humber River drainage basin have derived most of their morphology from processes occurring over the last 13 000 14C BP. Some of the valley reaches possess very distinct characteristics in terms of plan-view morphology, such as valley meandering and loop features along the valley sides. In this study, the valley morphology and stratigraphy of the upper Humber River basin are examined in order to assess the character of post-glacial valley evolution. Existing knowledge of late Wisconsinan and Holocene events has been considered to place this valley evolution into a regional context. Radiocarbon dating and digital elevation models suggest that the majority of valley incision occurred during or soon after regional deglaciation. Looping valley features and terrace patterns indicate that most valley morphology can be attributed to larger ancestral rivers. Although direct melt-water contributions are expected due to deglaciation, it is suggested that other processes due to the climatic and hydrogeologic effects of fluctuating proglacial lake levels also played a role.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".